voltage mode pwm controller ap494 this datasheet contains new product information. anachip corp. reserves the rights to modify the product specification without notice. no liability is assumed as a result of the use of this product. no rights under any patent accompany the sale of the product. rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 1/9 features - complete pwm power control circuitry - uncommitted outputs for 200-ma sink or source current - output control sele cts single-ended or push-pull operation - internal circuitry prohibits double pulse at either output - variable dead time provides control over total range - internal regulator provides a stable 5-v reference supply with 3% tolerance - circuit architecture allows easy synchronization connection diagram 1 in+ 1 in- feedback dtc ct rt gnd c1 e1 e2 vcc output ctrl ref 2 in+ 2 in- c2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 89 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 (top view) description the ap494 incorporates on a single monolithic chip all the functions required in the construction of a pulse-width-modulation control circuit. designed primarily for power supply control, this device offers the systems engineer the flexibility to tailor the power supply control circuitry to a specific application. the ap494 contains two error amplifiers, one adjustable on-chip oscillator, a dead-time control (dtc) comparator, a pulse-steering control flip-flop, a 5-v, 3%-precision regulator, and output-control circuits. the error amplifiers exhibit a common-mode voltage range from ?0.3v to v cc ?2v. the dead-time control comparator has a fixed offset that provides approximately 5% dead time. the on-chipped oscillator may be bypassed in two ways. one is to terminate rt to the reference output and the other one is to provide a sawtooth input to ct, or it may drive the common circuits in synchronous multiple -rail power supplies. the uncommitted output transistors provide either common-emitter or emitter-follower output capability. the ap494 provides for push-pull or single-ended output operation, which may be selected through the output-control function. the architecture of this device prohibits the possibility of either output being pulsed twice during push-pull operation. the ap494 is characterized for operation from 0 o c to 70 o c. ordering information ap494 x x x x package packing temp. grade blank: 0 ~70 o c i : -40 ~85 o c s16 : sop-16l n16 : dip-16l blank : tube a : taping lead free blank : normal l : lead free package
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 2/9 functional block diagram + - + - 6 5 rt ct 4 dtc 1 in + 1 in - 2 in + 2 in - 2 1 15 16 error amplifier 2 error amplifier 1 pwm comparator dead-time control comparator oscillator ~0.1v ~ feedback 3 0.7ma reference regulator pulse-steering flip-flop c1 1d 13 output ctrl (see function table) q1 q2 c1 e1 8 9 c2 e2 11 10 12 14 7 vcc ref gnd absolute maximum ratings rating symbol value unit power supply voltage v cc 40 v collector output voltage v c1 , v c2 40 v collector output current (each transistor) i c1 , i c2 250 ma amplifier input voltage range v ir -0.3 to +40 v power dissipation @ t a Q 45 o c p d 1000 mw thermal resistance, junction-to-ambient r ja 80 o c/w operating junction temperature t j 125 o c storage temperature range tstg -55 to +125 o c operating ambient temperature range t a 0 to +70 o c derating ambient temperature t a 45 o c recommended operat ing conditions characteristics symbol min typ max unit power supply voltage v cc 7.0 15 40 v collector output voltage v c1 ,v c2 - 30 40 v collector output current (each transistor) i c1 ,i c2 - - 200 ma amplified input voltage v in -0.3 - v cc -2.0 v current into feedback terminal i fb - - 0.3 ma reference output current i ref - - 10 ma timing resistor r t 1.8 30 500 k timing capacitor c t 0.0047 0.001 10 f oscillator frequency f osc 1.0 40 200 khz
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 3/9 electrical characteristics (v cc =15v, c t =0.01f, r t =12 k ? , unless otherwise noted.) for typical values t a =25 o c, for min/max values t a is the operating ambient temperature range that applies, unless otherwise noted) characteristics symbol min typ max unit reference section reference voltage (i o =1.0ma) v ref 4.85 5.0 5.15 v line regulation (v cc =7.0 v to 40v) reg line - 2.0 25 mv load regulation (i o =1.0ma to 20ma) reg load - 3.0 15 mv short circuit output current (i ref =0 v) i sc 4.5 60 75 ma output section collector off-state current (v cc =40v, v ce =40v) i c(off) - 2.0 100 a emitter off-state current (v cc =40v, v c =40v, v e =0v) i e(off) - - -100 a collector-emitter saturation voltage (note 1) common-emitter (v e =0v, i c =200ma) emitter-follower (v c =15v, i e =-200ma) v sat(c) v sat(e) - - 1.1 1.5 1.5 2.5 v output control pin current low state (v oc 0.4v) high state (v oc =v ref ) i ocl i och - - 10 0.2 - 3.5 a ma output voltage rise time common-emitter (see figure 4) emitter-follower (see figure 5) t r - - 100 100 200 200 ns output voltage fall time common-emitter (see figure 4) emitter-follower (see figure 5) t f - - 25 40 100 100 ns note : 1. low duty cycle pulse techniques are used during test to maintain junction temperature as close to ambient temperature as possible. error amplifier section input offset voltage (v o (pin 3) =2.5v) v io - 2.0 10 mv input offset current (v o (pin 3) =2.5v) i io - 5.0 250 na input bias current (v o (pin 3) =2.5v) i ib - -0.1 -0.1 a input common mode voltage range (v cc =40v, t a =25 o c) v icr -0.3 to v cc -2.0 v open loop voltage gain ( v o =3.0v, v o =0.5v to 3.5v, r l =2.0 k ) a vol 70 95 - db unity-gain crossover frequency (v o =0.5v to 3.5v, r l =2.0 k ) f c - 350 - khz common mode rejection ratio (vcc=40v) cmrr 64 90 - db output sink current (v o (pin 3) =0.7v) i o- 0.3 0.7 - ma output source current (v o (pin 3) =3.5v) i o+ -10 -15 - ma pwm comparator section (test circuit figure 1) input threshold voltage (zero duty cycle) v th - 4 4.5 v input sink current (v (pin 3) =0.7v) i i- 0.3 0.7 - ma deadtime control section (test circuit figure 1) input bias current (pin 4)(v pin4 =0v to 5.25v) i ib(dt) - -2.0 -10 a maximum duty cycle, each output, push-pull mode (v pin4 =0v, c t =0.01f, r t =12 k ) dc max 45 48 50 % input threshold voltage (pin4) (zero duty cycle) (maximum duty cycle) v th - 0 2.8 - 3.3 - v
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 4/9 electrical characteristics(continued) (v cc =15v, c t =0.01f, r t =12 k ? , unless otherwise noted.) for typical values t a =25 o c, for min/ma x values t a is the operating ambient temperature range that applies, unless otherwise noted) characteristics symbol min typ max unit oscillator section frequency (c t =0.01f,rt=12 k ) f osc - 10 - khz standard deviation of frequency* (c t =0.001f, r t =30 k ) f osc - 3.0 - % frequency change with voltage (v cc =7.0v to 40v, t a =25 o c) f osc ( v) - 0.1 - % frequency change with temperature ( t a =t low to t high ) (c t =0.01f, r t =12 k ) f osc ( t) - - 12 % total device standby supply current(pin6 at v ref , all other inputs and outputs open) (v cc =15v) (v cc =40v) i cc - - 5.5 7.0 10 15 ma average supply current (c t =0.01f, r t =12 k , v (pin4) =2.0v) (v cc =15v) (see figure 4) - 7.0 - ma *standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula, = () 1 n n 1 n x n x 2 ? = ? figure 1. parameter measurement information vcc 12 vcc=15v 150 2w 150 2w ? output 1 output 2 8 9 11 10 e2 c2 e1 c1 ref 14 7 gnd test circuit 50 k 13 15 16 2 1 5 6 3 4 dtc feedback rt ct 1 in + 1 in - 2 in + 2 in - error amplifiers output ctrl 12 k 0.01 f test inputs
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 5/9 figure 2. operational test circuit and waveforms voltage at c1 voltage at c2 voltage at ct dtc 0 v 0.7 v feedback duty cycle max 0% voltage waveforms 0% threshold voltage threshold voltage 0 v 0 v vcc vcc figure 3. amplifier characteristics + - v in + - v ref other amplifier feedback error amplifier under test figure 4. common-emitter configuration 68 2w output c l =15 pf (see note a) test circuit 15 v each output circuit note a. cl includes probe and jig capacitance. output voltage waveform 10% 90% 10% 90% t f t r
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 6/9 figure 5. emitter-follower configuration 68 2w output c l =15 pf (see note a) test circuit 15 v each output circuit note a. cl includes probe and jig capacitance. output voltage waveform 90% 10% 90% 10% t f t r figure 6. figure 7. f osc , oscillator frequency (hz) (k) % dt, percent deadtime (each output) percent deadtime versus oscillator frequency 0.1 1 10 100 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 0.001 f 100 amplifier voltage amplification vs frequency f - frequency - hz a - amplifier voltage amplification - db 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1m v cc = 15v vo = 3v t a = 25 o c figure 8. figure 9. v dt , deadtime control voltage (iv) percent duty versus deadtime control voltage % dc, percent duty cucle (each output) 10 20 30 40 50 0 0123 v cc =15v v oc =vref 1.c t =0.01uf r t =10k 2.c t =0.001uf r t =30k 0 100 200 300 i e , emitter current (ma) v ce(sat) , saturation voltage (v) emitter-follower configuration output saturation voltage versus emitter current 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 7/9 figure 10. figure 11. common-emitter configuration output saturation voltage versus collector current 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 0 100 200 300 i c , collector current (ma) v ce(sat) , saturation voltage (v) 0 v cc , supply voltage (v) i cc , supply current (ma) standby supply current versus supply voltage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 figure 12. 0.1 1 10 100 1000 1 10 100 1000 r t , timing resistance ( ) f osc , oscillator frequency(hz) 0.1uf 0.01uf ct=0.001uf vcc=15v oscillator frequency versus timing resistance (k) (k) 500 500 0.5
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 8/9 marking information ( top view ) pdip/sop 1 9 8 ac ap494 yy ww x x logo id code year: "01" = 2001 "02" = 2002 xth week: 01~52 ~ 16 part no. blank: normal l: lead free package package dimension (1) package type: sop-16l e h view "a" l 0.015x45 o c 7 o (4x) view "a" a a1 d b e 7 o (4x) y a2 dimensions in millimeters dimensions in inches symbol min. nom. max. min. nom. max. a 1.40 1.60 1.75 0.055 0.063 0.069 a1 0.10 - 0.25 0.040 - 0.010 a2 1.30 1.45 1.50 0.051 0.057 0.059 b 0.33 0.41 0.51 0.013 0.016 0.020 c 0.19 0.20 0.25 0. 0075 0.008 0.0098 d 9.80 9.90 10.00 0.386 0.390 0.394 e 3.80 3.90 4.00 0.150 0.154 0.157 e - 1.27 - - 0.050 - h 5.80 6.00 6.20 0.228 0.236 0.244 l 0.38 0.71 1.27 0.015 0.028 0.050 0 - 8 0 - 8
voltage mode pwm controller ap494 anachip corp. www.anachip.com.tw rev.a3 feb 12, 2004 9/9 package information (continued) (2) package type: pdip-16l e1 d 7 o (4x) a l b2 b b1 e d1 a2 15 o (4x) e1 eb c detail a e 0.005 r0.005 eb detail a top e-pin indent 0.079 inch bottom 3-pin indent 0.118 inch dimensions in millimeters dimensions in inches symbol min. nom. max. min. nom. max. a - - 4.57 - - 0.180 a1 0.38 - - 0.015 - - a2 3.15 3.33 3.50 0.124 0.131 0.138 b 0.36 0.46 0.56 0.014 0.018 0.022 b1 1.14 1.27 1.52 0.045 0.050 0.060 b2 0.81 0.99 1.17 0.032 0.039 0.046 c 0.20 0.25 0.33 0.008 0.010 0.013 d 18.90 19.10 19.30 0.744 0.752 0.760 d1 0.56 0.69 0.76 0.022 0.027 0.030 e 7.62 - 8.26 0.3000 - 0.325 e1 6.15 6.35 6.55 0.242 0.250 0.258 e - 2.54 - - 0.100 - l 2.92 - 3.81 0.115 - 0.150 eb 8.38 - 9.40 0.330 - 0.370
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